Title：
The distinctive level of interaction between carbon and nitrogen metabolisms in the leaves of submerged macrophytes plays a key role in ammonium detoxification
Authors：
Corresponding
Author：
Samuel Wamburu Muthui, Li Wei, Wyckliffe Ayoma Ochieng, Elive Limunga Linda, Duncan Ochieng Otieno, Emmanuel Waswa Nyongesa, Fan Liu, Ling Xian*
Pubyear：
2024
Title of
Journal：
Aquatic toxicology
Paper
Code：
Volume：
268
Number：
Page：
106840
Others：
Classification：
Source：
Abstract：
Possible ammonium detoxification mechanisms have been proposed recently, on submerged macrophytes, evidently illustrating that glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) plays a greater role in ammonium detoxification compared to the primary glutamine synthetase/glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GS/GOGAT) pathway. In the current investigation, we cultured three submerged macrophytes to extreme concentrations of [NH4+-N] of up to 50mg/L with the aim of clarifying the interaction between carbon and nitrogen metabolisms. The activities of carboxylation enzymes pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), in lieu of Rubisco, increased almost two-fold for ammonium tolerant species P. maackianus and M. spicatum, compared with the sensitive species P. lucens. While these enzymes are well known for their central role in CO2 fixation, their inference in conferring resistance to ammonium stress has not been well elucidated before. In this study, we demonstrate that the overproduction of PEPC and PPDK led to improved photosynthesis, better ammonium assimilation and overall ammonium detoxification in M. spicatum and P. maackianus. These findings propose likelihood for the existence of a complementary ammonium detoxification pathway that targets carbon metabolism, thus, presenting a relatively efficient linkage between nitrogen and carbon metabolisms and identify candidate species for practical restoration of fresh water resources.
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